When designing equipment that uses motors, it is of course necessary to choose the motor that is best suited for the job required.
This article will compare the characteristics, performance and characteristics of brushed motors, stepper motors and brushless motors, hoping to be a reference for everyone when choosing a motor.
However, since there are several sizes of motors in the same category, please use them as a guide only. In the end, it is necessary to confirm the detailed information through the technical specifications of each motor.
| stepper motor |
brushed motor |
Brushless Motor |
|
| Rotation method |
Through the drive circuit, the excitation of each phase of the armature winding (two-phase, three-phase, and five-phase) is determined. | The armature current is switched by the sliding contact rectifier mechanism of the brushes and commutators. | Brushless is achieved by replacing the functions of brushes and commutators with pole position sensors and semiconductor switches. |
| Drive circuit |
need | unnecessary | need |
| torque |
Torque is relatively large. (especially torque at low speed) | The starting torque is large, and the torque is proportional to the armature current. (The torque is relatively large at medium to high speed) | |
| spinning speed |
proportional to the input pulse frequency. There is an out-of-step zone in the low speed range | It is proportional to the voltage applied to the armature. Speed decreases as load torque increases | |
| high speed rotation |
Difficulty spinning at high speed (need to slow down) | Up to several thousand rpm due to brush and commutator commutating mechanism limitations | Up to several thousand to tens of thousands of rpm |
| Rotation life |
Determined by bearing life. tens of thousands of hours | Limited by brush and commutator wear. Hundreds to thousands of hours | Determined by bearing life. Tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of hours |
| Forward and reverse rotation methods |
It is necessary to change the sequence of the excitation phase of the drive circuit | Reversing the polarity of the pin voltage can be reversed | It is necessary to change the sequence of the excitation phase of the drive circuit |
| control |
Open-loop control in which rotation speed and position (rotation amount) are determined by command pulses is possible (but there is a problem of out-of-step) | Constant speed rotation requires speed control (feedback control using a speed sensor). Torque control is easy since torque is proportional to current | |
| Ease of access |
Easy: more variety | Easy: many manufacturers and varieties, many options | Difficulty: mainly dedicated motors for specific applications |
| price |
If the drive circuit is included, the price is more expensive. Cheaper than brushless motors | Relatively cheap, coreless motors are a bit expensive due to their magnet upgrades. | If the drive circuit is included, the price is more expensive. |
1) When selecting motors such as brushed motors, stepper motors and brushless motors, the characteristics, performance and characteristic comparison results of small motors can be used as a reference for motor selection.
2) When selecting motors such as brushed motors, stepper motors and brushless motors, motors of the same category include various specifications, so the comparison results of the characteristics, performance and characteristics of small motors are only for reference.
3) When choosing motors such as brushed motors, stepper motors and brushless motors, it is ultimately necessary to confirm the detailed information through the technical specifications of each motor.
Post time: Jun-27-2022