The driver controls the U/V/W three-phase electricity to form an electromagnetic field, and the rotor rotates under the action of the magnetic field. At the same time, the motor encoder feeds back the signal to the drive. The driver compares the feedback value with the target value to adjust the rotor rotation angle.The accuracy of the servo motor depends on the accuracy (number of lines) of the encoder. It is divided into DC and AC servo motors. Its main feature is that when the signal voltage is zero, there is no rotation phenomenon, and the speed decreases evenly with the increase of torque. Understand the basic structure of the servo motor, master its working principle, working characteristics and characteristics, and application occasions, so as to choose and use it correctly. What are the characteristics of the working principle of the servo motor?
1. What is a servo motor?
Servo motors, also known as actuator motors, are actuators in the control system that convert electrical signals into angles or speeds on the shaft to drive the control object. Servo motor, also known as executive motor, is an executive element in an automatic control system that converts the received electrical signal into angular displacement or angular velocity output on the motor shaft.
It is divided into DC and AC servo motors. Its main feature is that when the signal voltage is zero, there is no rotation phenomenon, and the speed decreases evenly with the increase of torque.
2. Maximum characteristics of servo motor
When there is a control signal input, the servo motor rotates; if there is no control signal input, it will stop rotating. The speed and direction of the servo motor can be changed by changing the magnitude and phase (or polarity) of the control voltage. Since the 1980s, with the development of integrated circuits, power electronics technology and AC speed regulation technology, permanent magnet AC servo drive technology has made significant progress. Famous motor manufacturers in various countries have launched their own series of AC servo motors and servo drives, and they are constantly improving and updating.
AC servo system has become the main development direction of contemporary high-performance servo system, which makes the original DC servo system face the crisis of being eliminated. After the 1990s, commercial AC servo systems around the world were driven by fully digitally controlled sine wave motors. The development of AC servo drives in the field of transmission is changing with each passing day.
3. Compared with ordinary motors, servo motors have the following characteristics
(1) The speed regulation range is wide. As the control voltage changes, the speed of the servo motor can be continuously adjusted over a wide range.
(2) The rotor inertia is small, so it can start and stop quickly.
(3) The control power is small, the overload capacity is strong, and the reliability is good.
4. Typical application of servo motor in automatic control system
Siemens, Kollmorgen, Panasonic and Yaskawa
What are the working principles of servo motors? To sum up, AC servo systems are superior to stepper motors in many ways. However, in some less demanding situations, stepper motors are often used as actuator motors. Therefore, in the design process of the control system, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the control requirements, costs and other factors to select the appropriate control motor.
Post time: Sep-24-2022